TM 1517 is a skull and lower mandible of the species Paranthropus robustus. It was discovered at Kromdraai, South Africa in 1938 by Robert Broom. Characteristics include bony ear tubes positioned below the plane of the cheek bones, and a forward set foramen magnum which indicates a more erect posture than African apes. In comparison to the genus Australopithecus, TM 1517 is a bit larger, more robust with a flatter face and smaller canines.
For more information, click here. Or, Try this sources:
- Tattersall, Ian, Schwartz, Jeffery (2000). Extinct Humans. Westview Press, Boulder CO. ISBN 0-8133-3482-9
- Department of Anthropology: The University of Texas at Austin. "Paranthropus robustus: TM 1517". Can be read here.